As temperatures rise, it is essential for all of us to be aware about and understand heat –related illnesses, which can have serious health implications, in order to prevent them. You can depend on Eastern Diagnostics to guide you through recognizing and preventing heat stroke, heat exhaustion and heat cramps.
Recognizing Heat-Related Illnesses
Heat Stroke
It is the most severe form of heat-related illness that requires immediate medical attention. It happens when the body’s temperature regulation fails and body temperature rises to critical levels. Symptoms include:
- High body temperature (104 degrees and more)
- Altered mental state or behaviour (confusion, agitation, slurring)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Rapid, shallow breathing
- Racing heart rate
- Headache
If you suspect someone has heat stroke, call for emergency services, remove the person to a cooler place and try to lower temperature with cool cloth or bath.
Heat Exhaustion
It is a precursor to heat stroke, less severe but still requires attention. Symptoms include:
- Heavy sweating
- Weakness and fatigue
- Dizziness and fainting
- Cold, pale and clammy skin
- Muscle cramps
- Fast, weak pulse
Move person to a cooler place, make the person drink water and let the person rest. If symptoms do nor improve or gets worse, seek medical help.
Heat Cramps
Heat cramps are muscle spasms that typically happen in the abdomen, arms or legs, resulting from strenuous activity in high temperatures. Although the least severe, they can be quite painful and are a signal that the body needs rest and fluids. To lessen the effect:
- Person should be made to stop all activity and sit quietly in a cool place.
- Drink water or fluid containing electrolytes and salt.
- Wait for cramps to subside before taking up any activity.
Preventing Heat-Related Illnesses
The key to preventing heat-related illnesses lies in preparation and smart behaviour during hot weather. Here are some tips from Eastern Diagnostics:
- Stay Hydrated – Drink a lot of fluids throughout the day to prevent dehydration, even if you do not feel thirsty. Avoid alcohol and caffeine as they can lead to water loss and contribute to heat exhaustion.
- Dress Appropriately – Wear light-weight, loose –fitting and light coloured clothes to reflect heat and sunlight.
- Limit Outdoor Activities – Try to schedule exercise or outdoor activities during cooler parts of the day, such as early morning or late evening. If outdoor, take breaks in the shade or indoors.
- Use Sun Protection – Apply a broad spectrum sunscreen to protect skin.
- Stay Informed – Pay attention to weather forecasts and heat advisories. Prepare and act accordingly.
- Acclimatize – Allow your body to adjust to heat gradually over several days. This helps your body cope better with high temperatures and reduces risk of heat-related illnesses.
At Eastern Diagnostics we care about your health and well-being. By recognizing the signs and symptoms of heat related illnesses and by taking proactive steps to prevent them, you can enjoy a safe and healthy summer. Stay cool and safe!